DISCURSIVE REPRESENTATIONS OF HAITIAN IMMIGRANTS RESIDING IN BRAZIL: a dialogical analysis of the news media
Discursive representations. Dialogic Analysis of Discourse. Haitian immigration. News media.
The year 2010 marks the beginning of a new and intense period of Haitian immigration to Brazil, an event that has gained prominence in the Brazilian media. The aim of this study is to understand how Haitian immigrants living in Brazil are represented in the discourse of the news media, given that mass communication plays a role in the construction of representations that people create of the world. To this end, this research is anchored in the field of Applied Linguistics (Moita Lopes, 1994, 2006a, 2006b; Pennycook, 2006; Pennycook; Markoni, 2020; Falabella, 2006; Rampton 1995; Fabrício, 2006) and takes as its theoretical basis the contributions of the Bakhtin Circle, with regard to the theoretical-methodological aspects of Dialogic Analysis of Discourse (Brait, 2006), the contributions of studies on alterity and cultural identities (Pires, Sobral, 2013; Sobral, Giacomelli, 2015; Hall, 2006, 2013, 2016; Silva, 2014; Woodward, 2014; Canclini, 1995, 2006, 2013), as well as the contributions of studies on mass communication (Thompson, 1995, 1998; Kellner, 2001; Stam, 2010) and the news genre (Pereira, 2008). In this investigation, we sought to answer the following questions: how do the news media represent Haitian immigrants living in Brazil? Does the style of the texts reveal which verboaxiological aspects are linked to this representation? Thus, we selected four news stories from the print editions of the Folha de S.Paulo newspaper as the corpus of analysis. Based on the concept of style (Bakhtin, 2015a, 2015c, 2003b, 2016a), the central category of our analysis, the data revealed discursive representations of the Haitian immigrant as a threat to employability, responsible for their employment situation, affected by the Brazilian economic crisis, a commodity, unwanted by host institutions and not integrated into Brazil, constructed by the stylistic choices of the journalistic enunciators.