IDENTITIES IN DIALOGUE: REPRESENTATIONS OF MUSLIM HEROINES IN MARVEL COMICS
Marvel Comics. Muslim heroines. Identity. Dialogism. Representation
2. RESUMO EM INGLÊS:
This dissertation investigates the representations of the identities of Muslim heroines in Marvel Comics, taking as its corpus the characters Sooraya Qadir (Dust), Monet St. Croix (M) and Kamala Khan (Ms. Marvel). The study seeks to understand how Islamic female identities are discursively constructed in comic book narratives by examining the similarities and differences among these characters, the sociopolitical discourses that permeate their trajectories, and the processes of identity construction at the intersection of gender, culture, and religion. Its main objective is to identify and understand the identities of these heroines and their contributions to the understanding of contemporary representations of Muslim womanhood through a dialogic comparison of their stories, considering the ways in which they reflect and refract female representation in relation to the cultural chronotope of Islamic practice. The research is grounded in Bakhtin’s dialogic theory of language, drawing on the concepts of speech genres (2016), utterance (2016), dialogism (2003), and chronotope (2018), articulated with studies on multimodality (Rojo, 2012, 2015) and the language of comics, as well as discussions of culture, identity, cultural hybridity, the Third Space, and borderlands developed by Hall (2006), Bauman (2005), Bhabha (1998), and Anzaldúa (2012). Methodologically, this is a qualitative, interpretivist study that employs dialogic comparison as its analytical framework. The corpus consists of the works Ms. Marvel: No Normal, New X-Men, and Generation X, in which the selected characters are introduced and developed. The findings demonstrate that Marvel’s Muslim heroines constitute a privileged site for understanding how contemporary comics negotiate discourses of identity, culture, and religion. Although the narratives still reproduce certain limitations derived from Orientalist imaginaries, they also establish new possibilities of representation by shifting Muslim women from the position of objects of discourse to that of subjects of their own discourse. The analyses further reveal that these identities are constructed in a relational, dialogic, and situated manner, continuously shaped by tensions between tradition and contemporaneity, alterity and self-representation. The study concludes that the representations of Muslim heroines in Marvel Comics constitute a dialogic continuum of identity negotiations in which culture, religion, and gender are constantly re-signified by the conditions of discourse production and by the relations of alterity that permeate each character. Thus, this dissertation contributes to expanding studies on language, identity, and culture within the field of Comics Studies by offering a dialogic reading of the representations of Muslim women in contemporary popular culture.