LITERATURE, HISTORY AND MEMORY IN ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF SOLITUDE: THE CONSTRUCTION OF LATIN AMERICAN IDENTITY IN THE LIGHT OF NEO-BARROQUE THEORY
Cem anos de solidão; Baroque; Neo-Baroque; Latin American identity; memory.
Cem anos de solidão (1967), a novel by Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez, published in 1967, is a narrative of love, solitude, memory, and resistance, offering multiple interpretations of the historical and cultural landscape of the Latin American continent. Based on this understanding, this study explores the labyrinths of Literature, History, and Memory, demonstrating how the process of forming the cultural identity of the continent in question occurs, in light of Neobaroque theory. To this end, the general objective is to analyze the literary characteristics of the novel, investigating the social, political, and cultural contexts that influenced its creation, as well as understanding the aesthetics of the narrative and how these dimensions influence the formation of Hispanic American cultures. The political and cultural landscape of much of Latin America is a product of the combination of the ancient world (tradition) with the modern. It is, therefore, a reconfiguration of the continent's image from a post-colonial perspective, through literary texts. In light of this, to achieve our objective, we have decided to conduct qualitative, bibliographical research, and, as a theoretical framework, we have chosen the discussions raised by different authors on the aesthetics of the Baroque and Neo-Baroque, such as José Lezama Lima (1998, 2013), Severo Sarduy (1972, 1979, 1987, 1988), Alejo Carpentier (1969, 1987, 2003), Irlemar Chiampi (1998, 1980, 1977), Samuel Arriarán (2007), and Afrânio Coutinho (1994); Regarding memory and cultural identity, the theoretical framework utilizes the work of Halbwachs (2002), Paul Ricoeur (2007), Le Goff (2014), among others. The methodological strategies
were based on extensive bibliographic research related to the topic, alluding to other literary works as a counterpoint. As a result, in order to add value to academic knowledge, the thesis sought to highlight how the work under analysis breaks with the patterns of rationality through Magical Realism, contributing to the formation of Latin American identity and showing how the Neo-Baroque aesthetic is part of this elaboration, weaving the threads of the narrative, also based on historiography and critical readings from the 16th to the 20th centuries.