Representations and Identities of Muslim Heroines in Marvel: A Dialogical Comparison of Miss Marvel, Pó and Suplício
Representations of identity. Culture and identity. Muslim heroines. Dialogical comparison
1. RESUMO EM INGLÊS:
This research proposes an analysis of the representations of Muslim heroines’ identities in Marvel Comics, focusing on the characters Ms. Marvel, Dust, and Sooraya Qadir (Surge). The study aims to understand how these characters’ identities are constructed and represented, taking into account the discursive practices that shape their narratives and how such discourses reflect, challenge, or re-signify aspects of Muslim culture. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative approach, with the corpus consisting of three specific comic book sagas published by Marvel: Ms. Marvel – No Normal, X-Men: Generation X, and New X-Men. These works were compared to one another and also examined in relation to elements of Muslim culture, especially considering the characters’ countries of origin, in order to observe how cultural context influences identity constructions. The theoretical framework is divided into two main parts. The first addresses notions of language, based on Bakhtinian conceptions of utterance, speech genre, dialogism, and chronotope, as well as the theories of comic language proposed by McCloud (2004), Kidder (2009), and Brandão (2019). The second part discusses notions of culture, drawing from Bakhtin, Williams (1958/1976/1977), Eagleton (2000), and Santos (1994) the latter in dialogue with the concept of border culture—and the notions of identity developed by Bauman (2005) and Hall (2006). Based on the analyses and the comparative reading among the three heroines and their narrative contexts, three central categories emerged to guide the reflection: stereotypes and counter-stereotypes about being a woman, border culture and the in-between space, and chronotopes and the heroines’ identity trajectories. These categories make it possible to problematize the representations and to understand how Marvel Comics contributes to the construction and circulation of meanings surrounding what it means to be a Muslim heroine in the contemporary comic book universe.