Functional-constructionist analysis of sub-schematic pattern [PERTO DE X]
Usage-Based Functional Linguistics; construction; perto de X.
We investigate, in this dissertation, the sub-schema [PERTO DE X] in Brazilian Portuguese, which licenses constructs such "as perto do aeroporto" ("near the airport"), "perto dos 30" ("close to 30"), and "perto do que tem na loja" ("close to what is in the store"), among others. The main purpose is to analyze formal and functional aspects of the instances of use of this sub-schematic pattern. The investigation is anchored in the assumptions of Usage-Based Functional Linguistics (LFCU), as proposed by Furtado da Cunha, Bispo and Silva (2013), Bispo and Lopes (2022), and Rosário and Oliveira (2016). We also draw on contributions from Construction Grammar, in the line of Croft (2001), Goldberg (2003, 2006), and Traugott and Trousdale (2013), among others. The methodology adopted in the study is quali-quantitative, and the database used, with oral and written texts, is part of a corpus compiled by Lacerda (2019) and made available by the Núcleo de Pesquisa em Abordagem Construcional e Tradução (NUPACT). Partial results indicate that instances of [PERTO DE X] convey a semantics of concrete space as the prototypical value, which is expanded to virtual space and other more abstract domains, such as temporal, comparative, estimative, and remote possibility. This expansion occurs through processes of analogy, when a relation of physical spatial location is reinterpreted in terms of other domains of human experience, establishing parallels between the concrete and the abstract. Underlying this analogical process are metaphorical projections, which allow time, quantity, or even probability to be conceived as entities that can be situated in space in terms of proximity/distance. Moreover, metonymic projections also operate in the uses of the sub-schema under study, based on the relation of contiguity between human experiences codified in the slot X. From a formal perspective, we attest that this slot can be filled by three syntagmatic categories, with the lexical noun phrase being the most recurrent. In terms of constructional properties, [PERTO DE X] is partially schematic and compositional and highly productive.