Banca de DEFESA: THIFFANY NAYARA BENTO DE MORAIS

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : THIFFANY NAYARA BENTO DE MORAIS
DATE: 30/06/2026
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: online
TITLE:

Temporal Trends in Tuberculosis Incidence and Mortality in Brazil (2007–2024): The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

KEY WORDS:

Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; COVID-19.

PAGES: 45
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Saúde Coletiva
SUBÁREA: Epidemiologia
SUMMARY:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem, with high morbidity and mortality, especially in socially vulnerable contexts. Despite advances in disease control over recent decades, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health services, potentially affecting TB diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiological surveillance. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends in tuberculosis incidence and mortality in Brazil from 2007 to 2024, with emphasis on the COVID-19 pandemic context and sociodemographic inequalities. This is an ecological time-series study with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data obtained from national health information systems (SINAN and SIM). Reported tuberculosis cases from 2007 to 2024 and deaths from 2007 to 2023 were included. Rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants and stratified by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and geographic regions. Temporal trends were analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression, with estimation of annual percent change (APC) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. A total of 1,646,366 tuberculosis cases and 81,469 deaths were recorded in Brazil during the study period. A significant increasing trend in incidence was observed (APC: 1.43%), with more pronounced increases among men, adults, and older individuals, as well as among Black and Brown populations, particularly in the Northern region. Mortality showed an overall stable trend; however, increases were identified in specific groups, including older adults, Brown and Indigenous populations, and in the Northern and Southeastern regions. These findings highlight the persistence of social inequalities in the distribution of tuberculosis, as well as a dissociation between increasing incidence and stable mortality rates. It is concluded that tuberculosis remains strongly associated with structural inequalities in Brazil, with distinct patterns across population groups and regions. The observed trends, particularly in the post-pandemic period, suggest possible indirect impacts of COVID-19 on disease control, reinforcing the need for targeted strategies for vulnerable populations and the strengthening of epidemiological surveillance.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interna - 3885543 - SAIONARA MARIA AIRES DA CAMARA
Externo à Instituição - RILDO DE SOUZA WANDERLEY JÚNIOR - UPE
Externa à Instituição - FERNANDA CUNHA SOARES