Evaluation of The Creation of Environmental Protection Areas in Brazil: An Analysis of The Last 35 Years
Protected Areas; Environment Protected Area; Management; Land Cover; Protected Area Categories.
Brazil has 12 protected area's categories. Among those, "Environment Protected Area" (EPA) has special importance because it covers a third of the protected land, and more than 60% on biomes such as Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga and Pampa, and more than 80% of all marine protected areas. Therefore, understand the implementation, land cover and management patterns is crucial for Brazilian biodiversity conservation. We find a greater representativeness of EPA established by local (95,76%) and state (43,44%) government, even thou federal established EPA had greater sizes. We also find the about 7 million people live inside EPA and that in 2016, Amazon biome was the only biome with more than 50% of forest land cover. At least, we find that only 18% of EPA had a "management plan" and 45% had a "management council".