The Role of Citizen Science in Marine Biodiversity Conservation in Fernando de Noronha/PE, Brazil
Scientific knowledge; Participatory management; Oceanic islands; Social participation; Insular territories
The intensification of environmental crises has highlighted the need for strategies that integrate science, society, and biodiversity conservation. In this context, citizen science emerges as an approach capable of expanding social participation in the production of scientific knowledge, favoring more democratic and contextualized processes. This study aimed to understand the role of citizen science in the conservation of marine biodiversity in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago/PE, Brazil, through the analysis of the relationships between institutions promoting these initiatives and local actors, such as tour guides and diving instructors. The research adopted a qualitative approach, based on bibliographic and bibliometric research, as well as semi-structured interviews with social actors, including 48 tour guides and diving instructors, as well as representatives of citizen science projects and ICMBio. The data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis and an indicator-based approach, grounded in good citizen science practices. The results indicate that practices associated with citizen science are already present in the territory and contribute to marine conservation and the engagement of local actors, although challenges related to their structuring, articulation, and continuity still exist. It is concluded that citizen science has significant potential to strengthen the conservation of marine biodiversity in island contexts, especially when associated with the valorization of local knowledge, the active participation of citizens, and strategies of feedback and recognition. The incorporation of local voices ensures the right to participate in decision-making processes and strengthens the construction of pluralistic conservation by promoting more democratic management practices.