Mobile Technology for Adult Patients After Kidney Transplant: Development of Digital Educational Content
Kidney Transplantation; Health Education; Mobile Applications; Nursing; Educational Technology.
Introduction: Kidney transplantation requires strict adherence to immunosuppressive therapy and effective self-care practices. However, gaps in understanding postoperative guidelines compromise clinical outcomes and increase readmission rates, highlighting the need for accessible digital educational strategies. Objective: To develop a prototype mobile application as a digital educational resource for adult patients after kidney transplantation, aiming to strengthen self-care and adherence to treatment. Method: Methodological study guided by the Design Science Research (DSR) framework. The diagnostic phase included the application of the Kidney Transplant Understanding Tool (K-TUT-Br) instrument with 15 patients in a university hospital. The development of the artifact was based on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory, two scoping reviews, and the humanization principles of Marketing 4.0. Results: The sample profile revealed a predominance of men (60%), age over 45 years (60%), and low health literacy (33.33%). A statistically significant difference in knowledge (p=0.029) was identified according to the time since transplantation, with greater gaps in recent patients regarding creatinine monitoring and the role of the multidisciplinary team. Based on these requirements, the Renal Guardian (GR) application and its three-dimensional mascot, Rina — a name derived by phonetic association with the term "Kidneys" — were developed. The high-fidelity prototype was materialized on the no-code platform Bubble.io, featuring 25 responsive screens, educational videos, and an interface optimized by technical design consulting. The integration of a charismatic mascot and a cartoon aesthetic sought to reduce technological coldness, promoting affective connection and commitment. GR acts as a mediator between scientific evidence and the practice of home self-care. Conclusion: The development of GR consolidated an innovative and solid technological base. The study demonstrates that the convergence between nursing, design, and artificial intelligence is capable of producing humanized tools that empower the patient and improve care in Brazilian digital health.