FACTORS RELATED TO PREMATUROUS BREASTFEEDING IN A PUBLIC MATERNITY.
Premature delivery; factors; morbidity and mortality
The health policies in Brazil were built over several decades (if not centuries), received several nomenclatures and for several administrations. The woman and the child still occupy an exclusionary and discriminatory social position and these policies have also been built, over time, based on this situation. Since Getúlio Vargas' government, several intervention projects have been designed and implemented to improve the health conditions of women and children, whether at the individual or collective level. With the advent of the discussions and, consequently, implementation of the Unified Health System (SUS), is that a more collective form of intervention is considered in the female population, with a view to improving maternal and infant mortality rates.
Some laws and ordinances are created in order to achieve these goals, and the SUS places prenatal care as the great instrument (action) to improve the reproductive health of women, with the early detection of risks can occur with gestation and, therefore, interventions that may decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Despite the improvement in maternal and infant mortality rates in the last decades, the number of deaths due to prematurity did not occur in the same proportion, being responsible for about 70% of infant mortality in Brazil, and in Rio Grande do Norte, almost 80% of deaths in children under one year occurs due to prematurity.
In the course of my professional activities in a maternity school, I observed that there were a significant number of women hospitalized and that their babies were premature, and the questioning of the research emerged: what are the factors related to preterm birth in a public maternity hospital? It has the general objective of identifying the factors related to preterm birth in a public maternity and specific to estimate the prevalence of preterm birth, to identify the association between the individual factors of the mother and the occurrence of preterm birth and to identify the association between the gynecological and and the occurrence of preterm deliveries.
The study is descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional, prospective and quantitative approach; developed in a School Maternity of the city of Natal, with reference to every state of Rio Grande do Norte. The sampling will be simple probabilistic and random, based on the data, considering the error of 5%, 95% confidence level, monthly mean of deliveries of the MEJC and the collection period that will be of three months, the number of puerperas to be investigated will be 298. It will interview women whose children were born between 20 and 36 weeks of gestation. It will investigate several variables (individual, socioeconomic characteristics, risk factors prior to gestation, reproductive history and related to the current gestation). Emphasizing that such work must comply with regulatory norms of research involving human beings. Afterwards, the data will be analyzed, in order to reach the proposed objectives.