Keywords: Sustainable blocks. Housing. Mining tailings. Mechanical properties.

Abstract

Sustainable construction seeks a balance between the growing urbanization process, civil construction and the mining industry, which are responsible for generating waste to the environment. In this context, this work aims to present the construction of sustainable blocks using metaconglomerate tailings, other tailings disposable, sand, cement, plaster and water and the use of some filling models, such as PET bottles, beer cans, styrofoam and discarded tubes. The purpose of this manufactured product is to add value to the civil construction market, since it is a sustainable composite. With these affordable blocks, it will be possible to build popular houses and, consequently, it will support the reduction of the existing housing deficit in Brazil. The materials used in the manufacture were characterized through the analysis of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), particle size and specific mass analysis. In the manufacturing process, specimens with composition were produced and thereafter, thermal, mechanical and water absorption tests were performed to analyze the formal composite. The mechanical resistance to compression reached the average value of 2.05 MPa, the water absorption presented an average value of 19.3%, the thermal conductivity had an average of 0.33 W/m.K, the specific volumetric heat presented an average 1.49 MJ/m³.K, the diffusivity obtained an average value of 0.22 mm²/s and the resistivity presented an average value of 302.73°C.m/W. The results achieved are in accordance with the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT), so it is possible to make the use of manufactured sustainable blocks in the construction of popular houses feasible.