URBANITY AND SENSE OF SECURITY: INTERFACES AND URBAN EXPERIENCE IN THE PONTA NEGRA NEIGHBORHOOD IN NATAL/RN
urbanity; public environment; movement of people; sense of security
The presence of urban attributes plays an important role in encouraging the appropriation and enjoyment of public spaces, promoting social interaction and contributing to the creation of safe environments. When architecture and spatial configuration do not offer favorable conditions for exchange, permanence, and circulation, public life is weakened, which, added to the dynamics of urban violence, intensifies the perception of insecurity in daily life and fuels fear in cities. This fear, in turn, triggers changes in daily habits and social relations, also altering the urban landscape. In search of protection, people have resorted to fortified enclaves, characterized by the sophisticated use of security equipment, such as electric fences, armored towers, cameras, sensors, and alarms associated with high walls. These strategies contribute to the fragmentation of urban space and make it difficult to maintain the principles of accessibility and free movement in the city. In this context, the study seeks to understand the contribution of architectural characteristics of buildings to the sense of security in public spaces, based on a morphological analysis of the Ponta Negra neighborhood in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, investigating the relationship between the interfaces that connect public and private spaces and the dynamics of people movement. To this end, it seeks to understand how fear and insecurity manifest themselves in the city, redefining socio-spatial relationships and how the built environment influences the presence, circulation, and behavior of people, identifying architectural characteristics associated with the perception of spatial quality. The theoretical and conceptual approaches systematize the foundations that guide the analysis of the relationships between urbanity, urban vitality, and the sense of security, highlighting the mechanisms by which architectural and morphological characteristics affect the urban experience. In the empirical study of Ponta Negra, information about the urban space and architectural and safety aspects was described based on urban attributes, including land use maps, building height, block dimensions, and infrastructure, as well as the characterization of transition spaces, wall types, and security devices. As partial considerations, the studies indicate the predominance of opaque facades and high walls that reduce visual permeability and weaken the relationship between public and private space. Morphological, architectural, and security analyses reveal evidence of the relationship between fear, architecture, and urban experience, which will be complemented by perception studies and interviews with users to understand how people perceive and appropriate urban space and how their narratives can be associated with the feeling of safety in the Ponta Negra neighborhood.