Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: PRISCILLA RAMOS CRUZ

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : PRISCILLA RAMOS CRUZ
DATE: 18/12/2020
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Google Meets
TITLE:

Functional and phylogenetic diversity: ecological and fishing importance

KEY WORDS:

Biodiversity’ dimensions, Anthropogenic changes, space-time variations, traits and ecological functions

PAGES: 160
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Ecologia
SUMMARY:

 The facets of biodiversity, such as the species, functional and phylogenetic diversities, has been largely used for quantifying the processes and explaining natural or man-made phenomena, for decades by ecologists. However, still not be consensus about the forms and relevance of forms of use. In this thesis the major aim was understand how non-natural phenomena affect the non-taxonomic dimensions of biodiversity throughout the space and time, to identify and understand patterns of change and their possible causes. In chapter 1, we evaluate how studies on functional and phylogenetic diversity be developed in Ecology, seeking to identify where the application of tools and concepts was more tangible or incipient. It was observed biases to most descriptors, with a predominance of terrestrial environments in studies on plants and incipience for aquatic environments and vertebrate organisms, for both temperate and tropical regions. Among them, the development of the two forms of biodiversity assessment surpassed the taxonomic perspectives. In the second chapter, the long-term patterns of the functional diversity of marine catch of the Brazilian coast were investigated. For this, was analyzed comparatively two fishing techniques, artisanal and industrial. A multidimensional evaluation based on morphological, physiological and life history traits, with ecological importance and relevance to fishing was used, which resulted in the detection of consistent differences between fishing modalities due to the total effort and the capture time. Among the functional descriptors, the levels of similarity in the redundancy of artisanal fishing throughout the coast and the increase in the richness, divergence and functional dispersion of industrial fishing over the years stood out. Equitability was the least uniform parameter between the north, east and southeast regions, losing expressiveness in artisanal fishing in the northeast and south regions. In the beta-functional diversity, there were more substitutions than trait losses in the last 30 years, with this tendency remaining stable, mainly in industrial fishing. The type of fishing pressure was decisive for the fish's functional responses, according to what he expected to find. We infer that the performance of functional descriptors through industrial fishing, is possibly associated with the capture of more diverse attributes. While artisanal fishing tends to interfere less in the functional diversity of the fish, even though it implies increased effort. In phylogenetic diversity, explored in chapter 3, both forms of fishing showed growth in some descriptors of the alpha. However, in artisanal fisheries these were higher than those of industrial fisheries in the most productive regions of the coast. While in the other regions, there was greater growth in the effects of the industrial sector. Artisanal fishing tends to impact the closest phylogenetically clades, exhibiting a slight form of disturbance, while industrial fishing impacts the most distant, thus exerting greater pressure on biodiversity. In the beta diversity, artisanal fishing maintained the softness of its effects, except for the southern region of Brazil where it surpassed the industrial one. The industrial fishing was more prone to homogenization. However, the effects of both fisheries on the phylogenetic conservation of the fish were predominantly positive, given that we did not find any mischaracterization or loss.  

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1714892 - ADRIANO CALIMAN FERREIRA DA SILVA
Interno - 3060333 - ANDROS TAROUCO GIANUCA
Interno - 1362202 - JOSE LUIZ DE ATTAYDE
Externo à Instituição - RAFAEL DETTOGNI GUARIENTO - UFMS