Resilience in the Formal Labor Market in Northeast Brazil: Using Survival Analysis to Estimate Job Tenure Between 2019 and 2021
Formal employment, Survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier
The study's general objective is to analyze the length of time spent in employment in the Brazilian Northeast between 2019 and 2021. Specifically, the research seeks to: i) Analyze the length of time spent in employment by observable characteristics (gender, ethnicity, and age group); ii) Check whether there is a difference in the length of employment depending on the level of education; iii) Compare the length of employment in the capitals with other municipalities in the State. In the research, the hypothesis is that the effects arising from the pandemic may have negative impacts on the length of time spent in employment, above all, worsening the situation of more vulnerable workers (Northeasterners, women, the elderly, young people, and those with a lower level of qualification). ). To this end, the non-parametric method of survival analysis is used, estimating survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier estimators applied to data collected from RAIS. The results indicate a severe reduction in job retention for Northeastern workers in 2021. Female, non-black, and older workers have the highest probability of surviving employment during the period. However, the group most affected by the reduction in employment tenure were male, non-black, young, or elderly workers in the states of Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, and Bahia.