PUBLIC SAFETY, HEALTH AND EDUCATION BUDGETS IN THE STATES AND THE FEDERAL DISTRICT (2002-2019): AN ANALYSIS OF THE BUDGET EXECUTION WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE POINTED BALANCE THEORY
Public Budget; Public security; Health; Education; Normality Tests; Punctuated Equilibrium Theory.
Knowing existing theoretical models and understanding the behavior of actors involved in public budget policy can contribute to the development of better government practices. The budget process is intended to forecast public resources for their allocation in an effective way, that is, to predict how the expenditure/investment should be carried out, depending on the revenues. This research aims to analyze whether the executions of Public Safety, Health and Education budgets in the States and the Federal District, from 2002 to 2019, were carried out based on stable processes (regular trend) or in moments of sudden changes (atypical – not regular), assumptions of the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory. Analyzes were performed with data updated to June 30, 2020, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests to test the normality of resource allocations. The results revealed that the executions of Public Safety, Health and Education budgets in the States and the Federal District, in the period from 2002 to 2019, were carried out with a regular trend (incremental variations), with the exception of atypical variations in Education by the States of Piauí (PI) and Rondônia (RO) and in Public Security by the States of Piauí (PI), Amapá (AP) and Santa Catarina (SC). The verified incremental and atypical variations meet the assumptions of the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory. Thus, from a social point of view, the results of this investigation can expand the knowledge of citizens so that they can exercise one of their rights: social control.