QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN A CLINICAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY UNIT: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN THE PRE-ANALYTICAL PHASE
Keywords: Clinical laboratory techniques; quality indicators, health care; Quality Improvement; pre-analytical phase
This study aims to assess the quality of services provided by the Clinical Laboratory Unit at the Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL), focusing on the pre-analytical phase of laboratory tests. The pre-analytical phase, which includes sample collection, transport, and processing, accounts for up to 75% of laboratory errors and directly impacts the accuracy of results. To reduce these errors, a quality improvement cycle was implemented, using tools such as the Ishikawa diagram and the nominal group method to identify and prioritize process failures. The study also involved the validation of quality indicators based on ISO 15189 standards and the experience of the unit's professionals. Preliminary results indicate significant failures in the pre-analytical phase, particularly regarding hemolysis, coagulated, and inadequate samples. The study suggests that educational interventions, such as training on proper collection practices and the use of technologies to monitor indicators, are essential for continuous quality improvement in the laboratory.