Ethnography of educational processes in the municipal band of São Gonçalo do Amarante (RN): theoretical approaches, orality, and collaboration
music band; music education; ethnography; collective learning; agency; São Gonçalo do Amarante.
This thesis investigates the musical teaching and learning processes developed in the Municipal Band of São Gonçalo do Amarante (BAMUSGA), a civil corporation linked to the Dona Militana Cultural Foundation and funded by the municipal administration of São Gonçalo do Amarante, Rio Grande do Norte. The central question is how musicians train and learn to play collectively in an institution operating under permanent administrative dependency, material precariousness, and political pressure. The research employs an ethnographic case study method, with continuous field immersion between October 2024 and December 2025. Data collection combined participant observation in rehearsals and public performances, field diaries, audiovisual records, institutional document analysis, and semi-structured interviews with the conductor and musicians at different training stages. The analysis mobilizes philosophical and anthropological frameworks in friction, a strategy through which the researcher applies theoretical systems to expose angles of musical practice rarely reached by conventional pedagogy. Five field episodes anchor this analysis. The data indicate that learning at BAMUSGA occurs through material agency, the horizontal circulation of competence, and the collective negotiation of criteria. The musicians sustain these practices regardless of adverse institutional conditions. The investigation documents that the corporation operates without a formal municipal creation law, sustained by custom and the will of the executive branch. Within these conditions, the musicians maintain collective practice and technical quality through a know-how encompassing technical, political, moral, and aesthetic dimensions.