Socio-environmental unsustainability and onshore wind farms: a systematic review.
Wind energy; Psychosocial impacts; Rural communities; Environmental psychology; Environmental justice.
The growing demand for electricity, driven by the energy transition paradigm, has stimulated the expansion of wind farm complexes in Brazil and worldwide. Although legitimized by a discourse of sustainability, these projects produce complex psychosocial and socio-environmental impacts, affecting rural and traditional communities through deterritorialization, landscape alteration, noise from wind turbines, and the transformation of lifestyles. This project aims to analyze, through a systematic review, how national and international scientific production has addressed the psychosocial impacts associated with the installation of wind farm complexes, with an emphasis on dimensions such as mental health, territorial identity, and community relations. The methodology follows the guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 protocol, including articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, without temporal limitations, in order to articulate quantitative and qualitative evidence. To date, 68 cases have been identified that meet the inclusion criteria. The analysis is based on frameworks from Environmental Psychology, social constructionism, and the decolonial perspective, allowing for an understanding of the evolution of the academic debate and its social implications. It is expected that the results will contribute to the systematization of existing literature, the identification of gaps, and the formulation of public policies that promote socio-environmental sustainability and the well-being of affected populations.