Effects of atmospheric stability on turbulent wakes of wind farms with parameterization of the LES-PALM model
Turbulence, stability, turbine, numeric simulation.
To optimize wind power generation, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the physical processes that occur within the park. The wake-shaped turbulence generated by the turbines destabilizes the previously laminar flow, transforming it into complex structures. Studies already carried out emphasize the importance of the thermal stratification of the ambient Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) in the profile of turbulent wakes. (Hansen et al., 2012) reports a strong dependence of the energy deficit within a park on atmospheric stability conditions. According to Hansen, stable and unstable conditions are present at wind speeds of up to 15 m/s, while above this value, neutral conditions prevail due to turbulence generated by wind shear, which is dominant when compared to buoyancy. To examine the structure, it is necessary to use numerical simulations with models sensitive to the 3D complexity of turbulence. The technique used by the large eddy simulation (LES) described by (Moeng, 1984), consists of using volume averages to solve equations of motion, solving the large eddies and parameterizing the smaller eddies in a kind of filtering. The LES model in its PALM version has a specific module where individual parameterization of the effects of the wind turbine on the flow is performed. This module is based on an advanced actuator disk approach where it contains a turbine controller including speed control, pitch control and yaw control. In this context, this work aims to investigate the behavior of the turbulent wake generated by a turbine under different atmospheric stability conditions.