IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOOD POINTS IN THE NEIGHBORHOODS PETRÓPOLIS AND RIBEIRA IN THE CITY OF NATAL / RN WITH SUPPORT OF GEOTECHNOLOGIES
Geoprocessing, Extreme Precipitation Events, Northeast Brazil.
Urban flooding has become frequent in Brazilian cities due to soil sealing caused by disorderly urbanization of cities, the occurrence of extreme precipitation events and the occurrence of failures in the urban drainage system. In the city of Natal/RN, the neighborhoods of Ribeira and Petrópolis have flood points that cause socioeconomic and sanitary disorders to the population. Thus, this study aims to identify and evaluate areas susceptible to flooding in these neighborhoods based on the use of geotechnologies. For that, topographic, geological, geomorphological, land use and land cover and urban drainage system were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, with the support of in situ ground control bases on the ground obtained with the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The obtained Digital Terrain Model (MDT) and Digital Surface Model (MDS) allow the identification of topographic depressions and the surface runoff pathway. The results showed the occurrence of eight depressions with surface runoff confluence, among which six with historical occurrence of flooding, besides revealing that the rain drainage system is poorly distributed. Therefore, the areas around the topographic lows are the most susceptible to flooding in this urban sector.