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Autism spectrum disorder. RECALL. Reading comprehension. Parent-implemented interventions.
Research indicates that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently present difficulties in different linguistic components, including receptive and expressive vocabulary, oral comprehension, and reading comprehension. In this perspective, dialogic reading has emerged as a promising intervention for this population, especially the Reading to Engage Children with Autism in Language and Learning (RECALL) protocol, which guides adults to conduct reading in an interactive, responsive way, adjusted to the child's level of engagement. Using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design, this study aimed to analyze the effects of parental training in the use of RECALL on maternal mediation and on the linguistic performance, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and oral retelling of preschool children with ASD. Three mother-child dyads participated, two girls and one boy, all oral children aged 4 years. The research was conducted in the dyads' homes and organized in two stages. In the first stage, the effects of the training on the mothers' mediating behavior were analyzed. In the second stage, the effects of this mediation on vocabulary, reading comprehension, and oral retelling of the children were analyzed. The results showed that, after the training, the mothers began to use the RECALL strategies in a more consistent, responsive, and adjusted manner to the children's engagement. The children showed significant advances in vocabulary, confirmed by statistical analyses (Tau-U), as well as improvements in reading comprehension, especially in literal questions, with progress also in inferential, open-ended, and distancing categories. In oral retelling, an increase in fluency, expansion of narrative elements, and greater autonomy were observed, especially in conditions with visual support. The findings suggest that RECALL is an accessible, low-cost intervention with potential for application by both family members and education professionals. Among the limitations, the short training time, the influence of the home environment, the duration of the retelling sessions, and the absence of follow-up stand out, indicating the need for future studies with larger samples and longitudinal monitoring.