SACRED AND PROFANE IN CANINDE: CULTURAL MANIFESTATIONS, PILGRIMAGES IN HONOR OF SAO FRANCISCO DAS CHAGAS
Keywords: Saint Francis; Pilgrimage; Canindé
This doctoral thesis investigates the cultural, religious, and social manifestations that occur during the festivities in honor of Saint Francis of the Wounds in the city of Caninde, Ceara, recognized as the second largest sanctuary in the state in terms of the magnitude of events dedicated to the patron saint, behind only Juazeiro do Norte. This fact gives Caninde the status of a religious center of regional influence, as it attracts pilgrims and visitors who travel from neighboring or distant areas to participate in religious practices. Through cultural geography, it is possible to understand these practices not only as religious events, but as experiences that shape space and strengthen cultural and community identities. These practices reveal how sacred spaces are constructed, experienced, and celebrated, emphasizing the deep interconnection between space, culture, and spirituality. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a phenomenological perspective, seeking to understand how pilgrimages and celebrations temporarily alter the physical, social, and economic configuration of the city. This religious experience is effective both in the temporal and spatial aspects. The spatial scope of the research begins in Fortaleza-CE, and crosses a large part of the municipality of Maranguape and extends to the city of Caninde, in Ceara, covering approximately 130 kilometers. The study has as its temporal scope the period of the festivities in honor of Sao Francisco das Chagas, which took place between September 24 and October 4 in the years 2023 and 2024. We start from the hypothesis that in Caninde, during the period of the festivities in honor of Sao Francisco das Chagas, the patron saint, and the arrival of pilgrimages significantly transform the city. From this perspective, the central question is presented as follows: How do the holding of the festivities in honor of Sao Francisco das Chagas and the arrival of pilgrimages in Caninde modify, even temporarily, the social structure of the city, challenging established norms and introducing new patterns of behavior among residents and visitors? Using methodological procedures such as participant observation, field research and semi-structured interviews, this thesis investigates the social, cultural and economic implications that emerge during the festivities.