ANNUAL VARIABILITY AND TRENDS IN EXTREME CLIMATE EVENTS IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID REGION
maximum temperatures; minimum temperatures, precipitation, climate change, Rclimdex.
In recent decades, extreme weather events have been increasingly studied by the academic community, given the increase in occurrences and significant magnitudes of recorded temperatures and greater intensity of precipitation, anomalous behaviors in the atmosphere that directly impact society. In this context, the main objective of this study was to detect possible trends in the pattern of temperatures and precipitation in the municipality of Caicó/RN, as a way to investigate its behavior in recent decades. The study was carried out using data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INM) for the period from 1980 to 2019. The data were analyzed using statistical methods, including the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the correlation coefficient (r). In this context, the main objective of this study was to detect possible trends in the pattern of temperatures and precipitation in the municipality of Caicó/RN, as a way of investigating their behavior over the last three decades, considering their variability and trends. For this procedure, daily data on maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation between 1995 and 2025 from the Seridó/RN Climatological Station (National Institute of Meteorology - INMET) were used. To analyze climate extremes and detect trends, RClimdex indices and the Mann-Kendall test were used. The software RClimdex (1.1), XLSTAT, and Jamovi (2.5.6) were used to analyze the data and prepare graphs. The results showed an upward trend in three indices of extreme events for maximum temperatures and in one precipitation concentration index, confirming short-term changes in the municipality of Caicó.