MULTIPLE MENSTRUATIONS: NAVIGATING LAWS, ACTIVISM, AND CONSUMPTION
Keywords: menstruation; public policies; body; gender; consumption.
ABSTRACT
This work develops analyses on the trajectory and implications of Law 14,214, which establishes the Federal Program for the Protection and Promotion of Menstrual Health in Brazil. The research stems from an observation that began in 2019, analyzing the articulations carried out among political parties and also among activist movements that, for the most part, focused on the distribution of sanitary pads, with an emphasis on the category of “menstrual poverty.” The sanitary pad thus came to be regarded as an indispensable item, the object that brings “dignity” to those who menstruate. Drawing on notions of body, gender, colonialism, and territories, I seek to understand how this bodily fluid has been constructed as a target of political and social issues, shaped by consumer culture in Brazil, and subject to a series of disputes, invisibilizations, and different forms of agency depending on the sphere in which it is located. Working from a multiple and multi-situated perspective, I trace menstruation as a diverse subject—one that has its own agency but is also mediated by other agents. The initial mediating flow of this research is menstrual blood, a bodily fluid that has come to branch out into various fields of action. First, I analyze and outline a general overview of menstrual legislation, from its initial development to the enactment of the Law, as well as the implications of its implementation. Then, I examine menstrual education and activism and their various forms of organization in Brazil. In a third moment, I explore the menstrual care strategies developed by rural women from the Mossoró hinterland. Lastly, I analyze the historical and social changes surrounding sanitary pads from the perspective of the menstrual consumption industry, focusing on EcoCiclo, the manufacturer of the first biodegradable sanitary pad in Brazil.