Improved Bandwidth and Gain of Microstrip Antennas Arrays Using PBG Substrate for Wireless Communications Applications
Antena Quase-fractal, Antenna Multibanda, Substrato PBG, Largura de Banda, Ganho de Arranjo de Antenas, Comunicações Sem Fio.
Modern wireless communications systems mostly require antennas that can operate at multiple frequencies. To achieve these features, fractal geometries may be applied to microstrip patch antennas. However, a common problem with these antennas is their limited bandwidth and low gain. The preliminary proposal presented in this qualification it explain the application of PBG substrate (Photonics bandgaps) in quasi-fractal microstrip antennas and microstrip antennas arrays for improvement in propagation characteristics. The initial employed methodology consisted of using a fractal patch cross the antenna and it observed the appearance of multiple bands. Thus, it is intended to apply the PBG substrate and analyze the effects of variation: (i) of the diameters of the holes in the planar structure; (Ii) of the spacing of these holes; (Iii) of the depth of these holes; (Iv) of the type of geometry of the PBG mesh; (V) of the implementation of structures for specific frequencies; (Vi) of the use of intelligent computational techniques to predict the variation of the diameter and spacing of the holes; (Vii) of the mutual coupling between elements PBG. Preliminary studies using this technique indicate an improvement in the bandwidth and gain structures. The procedures developed in this work should lead to the creation of a guideline for practical projects in such planar structures.