CCSR Sensor Design Project for Moisture Monitoring
in Grains
Microwave resonator sensor, relative humidity, grain size, CCSR.
This work aims to design microwave resonator sensors for measuring the relative moisture content of grains. The sensors are based on complementary circular spiral ring (CCSR) resonators. These sensors stand out for being non-invasive, fast-response, low-cost devices suitable for real-time measurements – relevant characteristics for applications in the agricultural sector. The research proposes two sensor configurations with CCSR, one featuring a single resonator and the other featuring two resonators, both designed and optimized using HFSS(High-Frequency Structure Simulator) software. The use of multiple resonators increases the device's sensitivity to variations in permittivity associated with moisture content. Furthermore, the sensors utilize a U-shaped microstrip transmission line to facilitate sensor handling and allow measurements on grains packaged in bags. The work includes a systematic literature review, highlighting gaps in the application of CCSR for grain moisture monitoring, and demonstrates, through simulations, that the proposed structures exhibit adequate behavior, with a resonance frequency shift proportional to the dielectric variations of the material under test.