Climate change perceived by adolescentes and sustainable lifestyles: (re)signifying the planet and the future?
climate change; perception; adolescent; sustainable lifestyle; multi-methods
The objective of this study was to investigate how adolescents position themselves in the face of climate change (CC) and how this positioning is associated with indicators of sustainable lifestyles. The multi-method approach used consisted of three steps. In the first one, a questionnaire was applied to 484 students, with a mean age of 15.5 years (SD = 1.34), of public and private schools in the cities of Natal, Arez and São Miguel do Gostoso. The second stage comprised 11 interviews with teachers of these students, and the third stage involved nine focal groups with some of the questionnaire respondents. The causes of the problem were the most indicated category in the questionnaires, with issues associated with pollution by the accumulation of garbage and air pollution. At the same time, 70% of adolescents mentioned perceiving local consequences. A bias of spatial optimism was found: adolescents assessed MCs as more serious to the world than to their cities. I identified that 73% affirmed to practice environmental care actions, which was associated with the perception of consequences of MCs, and with connectivity with nature, which was also significantly associated with the assignment of responsibility for the problem. The interviews of step 2 showed possibilities and challenges to communicate about CC with adolescents, and the importance of the context to construct a position on the subject. The data obtained by the focal groups helped to deepen and clarify the results of the previous stages. The adolescents explained why they understand that garbage plays an important role, provided an interpretation for the bias of optimism, and indicated a greater variability of actions in which they consider that it is possible to engage in mitigation of CC. This study, therefore, emphasizes the importance of multi-methodological approaches, and highlights guiding principles for socio-environmental education projects based on the perception of this public.