Banca de DEFESA: JANE AZEVEDO DE ARAUJO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : JANE AZEVEDO DE ARAUJO
DATA : 29/08/2016
HORA: 08:30
LOCAL: Anfiteatro das Aves, Centro de Biociências
TÍTULO:

THE PERCEPTION OF DESERTIFICATION AND CHANGE IN THE LANDSCAPE IN THE CITY OF PARELHAS/RN

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Semi-arid; Seridó Potiguar; Rural Communities; Red pottery; Natural Resources; Environmental degradation.

PÁGINAS: 124
GRANDE ÁREA: Outra
ÁREA: Ciências Ambientais
RESUMO:

The interrelation society/nature causes changes to the environment. These changes occur through the work of man, which uses natural resources, to support his development. For that reason, the society has the ability to build and rebuild the places where lives, leaving registered on the landscape the changes occurred. The landscape is modified over the years, and the man is critical to this process because, in addition to being the author of the alterations, can describe them through the perception from a same place, either from the past or from the present. The general objective of this research was to understand the perception of the residents of the city of Parelhas/RN in relation to desertification and to the change in the landscape. The research comprised the city of Parelhas/RN, located in the South-central portion of the State, in the micro region of Oriental Seridó, located 240 km from Natal city. Parelhas has a population of 20.354 inhabitants, with 17.084 in the urban area and 3270 in the countryside. The survey was conducted in the urban area and in three rural communities – Juazeiro, Cachoeira and Cobra. The first step of the methodological procedures of research was a literature review on the subject of desertification, which corresponds to the first chapter of the thesis (article 1). In the second stage (field research), 202 forms were applied with the population in the urban and rural areas, and with the red pottery industries of the municipality. Thus, 26 forms were applied with the entrepreneurs, managers and/or responsible for ceramics and 176 with part of the urban population (102) and in rural communities, Juazeiro, Cachoeira and Cobra (74). These data lead to chapters 2, 3 and 4 of the thesis, each chapter corresponding to a scientific article. The results showed that there was, in 2014, 28 red pottery industries in activity in the city of Parelhas. From the 28 companies, 2 did not accept to answer to the form, having been conducted 26 interviews. This data gave rise to the second chapter (article 2). The red pottery industry exists in the municipality since the middle eighties; eight per cent of companies have been developing the activity from 21 to 30 years, 27% from 11 to 20 years and 65% from 01 to 10 years. The products manufactured by the industries are roofing tiles, bricks, tiles, bushings, blocks and shackles, being tiles the more produced artifact. Fifty per cent of companies manufacture only tiles. The main energy source used for ceramics is the firewood, and 73% still make use exclusively of wood. The withdrawal of the vegetation without technique leaves bare areas and soils exposed to erosion, contributing to an increase the susceptibility to the phenomenon of desertification in the municipality. Regarding the perception of desertification and modification in the landscape, the data were subjected to statistical tests. We used the Person Chi-square test (χ ²), the Fisher test and correlation analysis. Contingency tables and boards were prepared to describe the social data of the participants. These data ensued the third and fourth chapters (articles 3 and 4). The comparative analysis of the residents perception of the rural and urban area on desertification (article 3), showed that most respondents have heard on the subject; however, the people who reside in the city heard more than those who live in the countryside. The majority of respondents believes that the municipality is in process of desertification; the correspondence analysis showed that city dwellers are associated with the reply "Yes", and residents in the rural area associated with the answers "Not" and "Don't know". Among the alternatives on the causes of desertification in the municipality, the red pottery activity was the most pointed out. It is believed that this choice is related to the high consumption of the local natural resources (wood, clay and water) that the activity demands in manufacturing its products. The results of the perception of the rural communities Juazeiro, Cachoeira and Cobra inhabitants, on change in the landscape (article 4), showed that most of them realize modification of local landscape. These changes involved the environment in which they are inserted, the atmospheric phenomena, as well as structural and social alterations that have occurred over the years. Likewise, changes in vegetation, soil and grassland have been reported. Those aged 25 to 59 years were the ones who most noticed changes in the landscape. Those who studied until middle school did not notice or did not to know answer about the change in the landscape. The ones with complete/incomplete secondary education and complete/incomplete higher education realized changes in the landscape. The study provided important data of the perception of rural and urban residents of Parelhas/RN, on alteration in the landscape and desertification. Still, it has provided information about the red pottery industry and the consumption of firewood by the activity. These data can serve to subsidize to the definition of public policies to be implemented in semi-arid potiguar, from the perspective of conservation of natural resources in an area susceptible to the phenomenon of desertification.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Externo ao Programa - 2235 - FERNANDO MOREIRA DA SILVA
Interno - 350500 - MARIA DE FATIMA FREIRE DE MELO XIMENES
Externo à Instituição - MARIA JOSE NASCIMENTO SOARES - UFS
Externo à Instituição - MÁRCIA REGINA FARIAS DA SILVA - UERN
Presidente - 1298966 - RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA