Banca de DEFESA: CAIO CEZAR FERNANDES DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : CAIO CEZAR FERNANDES DA SILVA
DATE: 29/07/2022
TIME: 15:00
LOCAL: setorV, sala B6
TITLE:

Three Essays in Regional Economics

KEY WORDS:

Regional Economics. Economic Growth. Employment. Cumulative Causation

PAGES: 84
BIG AREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
AREA: Economia
SUBÁREA: Economia Regional e Urbana
SUMMARY:

The present work is a set of three independent essays on regional economics. The first essay aims to provide a theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of regional growth and inequality based on the cumulative causation approach. A model of growth led by aggregate demand with the operation of increasing dynamic returns is presented. Firstly, the mechanism proposed by Kaldor (1970) and formalized by Dixon and Thirlwall (1975) is presented, in which economic growth is led by exports and from them a process of self-reinforcing is triggered, inducing endogenous increases in labor productivity which, in turn, allow a reduction in the level of prices that reinforce commercial advantages in the region. An alternative for understanding cumulative causation is presented when we admit the existence of autonomous domestic spending, following Lourenço (2015), also capable of triggering self-reinforcing processes through endogenous productivity growth, affecting the region's commercial advantages, including competition not related to the price factor. This alternative substantially changes the understanding of the phenomenon of regional economic growth. Finally, we discuss the importance of differentials in the ability to induce technical progress across regions as a limiting factor in the expansionist functioning of cumulative causation historically. The second essay aims to verify the differences in the capacity of the Brazilian states' economies to generate employment against their aggregate product growth performance. The period analyzed is the years corresponding to the ascending part of the economic cycle between 2002-2014, the subsequent period of crisis and near-stagnation between 2014 and 2019 is also analyzed. Employment elasticities of economic growth were estimated from regressions using panel data, the employment data used are from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and for the product level, data compiled by the Instituto Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA) were used. The results show that the states of the North Region of the country, with few exceptions, tend to have a greater capacity to incorporate employment into their economies, while economies in other regions grew in a regime that prioritized the advancement of labor productivity. During the period of crisis, these relationships changed significantly without a dominant pattern between regions. It was shown that despite having greater capacity to generate employment from growth, this dynamic observed between 2002 and 2014, interrupted by the crisis, was not able to create trends towards reducing unemployment in the North and Northeast states, as observed in the states of the other regions. of the country, indicating that even if they can recover the level of output they obtained in 2014, it will not be enough to start reducing the level of unemployment.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interno - 1919307 - IGOR EZIO MACIEL SILVA
Externo à Instituição - RICARDO BRUNO NASCIMENTO DOS SANTOS - UFPA
Presidente - 1205069 - WILLIAM EUFRASIO NUNES PEREIRA