The neoliberal project has ascended politically in Latin America and the world since the mid-1970s and has been hegemonic in the Brazilian state since the late 1980s, and, even though its core was not abandoned in the first cycle of Workers' Party governments, it returned to to express itself in a profound way in the Temer Government, sealing the reactionary character under the Bolsonaro Government. This thesis has as its theme the conflicts of classes and class fractions reflected in macroeconomic policy regimes, in the current economic and social formation, having as its central object the dismantling of the welfare state idealized in the 1988 Constitution, fundamentally the dismantling of workers' rights initiated during the post-neodevelopmentalist governments, focusing on the fatal blow to Brazilian social security and the structural consequences for the working class. It is in this sense that this study starts from the hypothesis that, contemporaneously, under the current phase of Brazilian peripheral capitalism, characterized by economic stagnation and the decreasing tendency of the rate of profit, the bourgeoisie, led by international financial capital, advances by imposing an intense restriction and dismantling public policies of concessions to the working class. The gradual withdrawal of workers' rights aligned with social conservatism becomes the current instrument of domination and reproduction of capital in Brazil. This hypothesis arises from the question: how, in the current phase of peripheral capitalism, under the hegemony of financial capital, the State and the bourgeoisie act together as a way of maintaining the process of capitalist accumulation and what are the results for the reproduction of class life hardworking? As a central objective, this thesis consists of analyzing the class conflicts condensed in the neoliberal agenda that reappears from the institutionalized coup of 2016 and permeates the Temer and Bolsonaro governments, centered on the analysis of the Labor and Social Security counter-reforms, and the consequences of this disruption of the rights for workers. From a dialectical historical materialist perspective, observing the capit alist mode of production in an expanded way beyond economic relations, we start from the theoretical discussion about the State and social security, then we make a brief resumption of the contemporary Brazilian political economy, reaching an analysis of situation of class conflict and class fractions for the social product from the counter-reforms of the Temer and Bolsonaro governments. We believe that the dismantling of the Brazilian welfare state, idealized in the mid-1980s, was an escape found by the bourgeoisie that hovers over Brazil in a scenario of a decreasing trend in the rate of profit of peripheral capitalism, incapable of resuming the process of increasing the organic composition of the capital, reconfiguring the character of the Brazilian economic and social formation from the process of reprimarization of production, labor relations and the consumer market.