Coastal vulnerability index and flood risk on extreme events in the Piranhas-Açu estuary, with the use of satellite remote sensors and airborne LiDAR data
Coastal Dynamics, Geotechnology, Floods, Climate Change, Marine Erosion, Land Use.
Coastal zones worldwide present intense environmental dynamics associated to the interaction among atmosphere/lithosphere and hydrosphere. These places are rich in natural resources and have been intensely occupied by socioeconomic activities. Therefore, populations nearby are exposed to risks of change in natural processes related to climate change. In this scenario, the estuary of Piranhas-Açu-river is a case study for The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) in different climate scenarios. The index accounts physical and dynamics features of the environment and was calculated using geotechnology, digital image processing, Landsat 8 multispectral imagery and airborne LiDAR altimetry data with precision geodesy and static control points. The resultant thematic mapping was integrated in geographic information system in order to simulate inundation risk of the estuary with different projections of sea level rise in extreme events conditions, according to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results for best and the worst scenarios show 17% - 42% of the coast in high and very high coastal erosion vulnerability and 274-291km2 of estuary at inundation risk.