SPATIAL PRIORITIZATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PROGRAMS IN THE RIBEIRÃO DO FEIJÃO BASIN, SÃO CARLOS - SP
Watershed management. Water Source. Territorial Planning. Ribeirão do Feijão. Geographic Information System. Economic valuation. Ecological-Economic Zoning.
Ecosystem services, in addition to being fundamental to the maintenance of life on Earth, have economic value, as they are scarce goods that can be appropriated by human beings. Despite this, the value of these services may be lost, as land users generally do not receive compensation for the benefit that their land produces to others and, therefore, do not account for environmental services in land use decisions. As an alternative solution to this problem, the economic instrument of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) appears, which consists of voluntary trade between users and providers of environmental services in order to produce positive externalities. Based on this concept, this work aims to develop and apply a methodological approach in order to identify priority areas for the implementation of PES programs in the Ribeirão do Feijão Watershed, São Carlos / SP. For this, the Ecological-Economic Zoning methodology, developed by Crepani, will be used, with which it will be possible to obtain maps of natural vulnerability to soil loss. At the same time, based on the coverage and land use map and the methods of Net Present Value (NPV) and Equivalent Annual Value (VAE), the economic valuation of the productive activities developed in each property registered in the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR - acronym in Portuguese). From the crossing of information on environmental vulnerability and economic value, it will finally be possible to carry out spatial prioritization of the basin for the purpose of implementing PES programs.