Banca de DEFESA: FLÁVIA MONALIZA NUNES SECUNDO LOPES

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : FLÁVIA MONALIZA NUNES SECUNDO LOPES
DATA : 15/06/2018
HORA: 14:30
LOCAL: Miniauditório do PPGAU/UFRN
TÍTULO:

Favela to Estate - the way it was, the way it is: spatial properties and use of space in a community reallocation in Natal/RN, Brazil.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Architectural Form, Use of Space, Favela Reallocation, Housing Estate, Favela do Maruim, Natal.

PÁGINAS: 147
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
ÁREA: Arquitetura e Urbanismo
RESUMO:

This study addresses relations between form and use of architecture with the aim of investigating whether morphological changes regarding open spaces shared by a housing community might have exerted over the way people use those spaces. It aims to shed light on whether and how the reallocation of a self-built organic settlement – Favela do Maruim – to a regularly schemed, state-funded housing estate – Conjunto São Pedro – led to alterations in the way people used common open spaces in their previous environs. Guided by the Space Syntax theory (HILLIER; HANSON, 1984), the investigation approach stems from the assumption, that architectural form is structured by masses (buildings) and voids (permeability) that offer possibilities and restrictions concerning moving, being and seeing, and, therefore, define potential fields of co-presence and movement by individuals in space. The hypothesis underlying the case study was that because the morphological nature of the housing estate diverges from that of the Favela settlement, spatial relations are altered from the micro to the macro scale, thus prompting changes in patterns of co-presence, use of communal areas and interaction among diverse individuals in space – inhabitants, visitors and strangers (insiders and outsiders). In the Housing Estate the self-defensive logic of nearness among residents that existed in the Favela was subverted and replaced by another more similar to that which prevails in the city as a whole, with a higher potential of encounter fields. The less enclosed arrangement appears to threat the resettled population, bringing about the discourse of fear, which enforces reclusion inside an area severed from the public space by walls and barriers. In the search to test the hypothesis, comparative studies of potential and real instances of encounter were carried out by means of spatial representation and analysis and of in loco observations regarding actual use in the Favela and the Housing Estate. Space syntax analysis was applied to quantify the insertion of each settlement in the city grid, in topological and metric distances, to gauge accessibilities “by foot” and “to the eye”. In order to understand the relation between the built mass and the structure of open spaces, local uses and relations between public and private spaces were analysed. To understand the real uses of space, the data gathering process included the observation of pedestrian movement and physical traces of space; and enquiries about the ways people use common areas, by means of semi-structured interviews. The results show that the Favela configuration, disorderly and less integrated with the city urban grid, outlined an enclave that decreased the potential encounter field between insiders and outsiders. Internally, a stronger hierarchy and cohesion concerning diverse accessibility catchment levels (local, vicinal, to the feet or the eyes) privileged the use of certain open spaces by the inhabitants. Those points that showed strong public/private connections, worked as extensions to the houses and as confluence points for encounter, pedestrian flows and activities. In the Housing Estate, on the other hand, a homogeneous, less hierarchical internal structure, with low cohesion concerning accessibility levels, less openings connecting closed/open spaces and higher integration to the city grid, stimulate the interface between insiders and outsiders, whereas restraining the potential encounter field amongst inhabitants. On an effort to overcome the limitations of the architectural spatial form, inhabitants persist on being in the Housing Estate common areas, an occupation apparently consubstantiated by the presence of construction fences that approximates the Estate’s spatial structure to the Favela’s enclave logic, setting it apart from the city continuous space and consolidating barriers, which at any rate, are becoming the norm, concerning residential premises in Brazilian cities.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 347575 - AMADJA HENRIQUE BORGES
Externo à Instituição - CIRCE MARIA GAMA MONTEIRO - UFPE
Interno - 350255 - EDJA BEZERRA FARIA TRIGUEIRO
Presidente - 1149450 - RUBENILSON BRAZAO TEIXEIRA