Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: WESLLEY RUAN GUIMARÃES BORGES DA SILVA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : WESLLEY RUAN GUIMARÃES BORGES DA SILVA
DATE: 31/01/2025
TIME: 08:30
LOCAL: ICe 0.15
TITLE:

Snake envenomations and antivenom therapy: investigating efficacy, traditional practices and access to treatment

KEY WORDS:

neglected disease, venom, commercial antivenom, traditional therapy

PAGES: 75
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Biologia Geral
SUMMARY:

Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is an important neglected tropical disease (NTD) in low-income and developing countries. Brazil, a development South American country, faces an average of 200,000 snakebite cases every year, which results in an annual mortality rate of 0.4-1.9% and in about 15-20% of envenoming patients suffering with mild to severe disabilities. Antivenoms are the main therapy capable of neutralizing the lethality and biological activities triggered by the snake toxins in the human body. Despite this, the efficacy of antivenoms depends on several factors. Even when well designed and manufactured, antivenoms may not be available in certain regions, or their access is difficult due to geographic and economic barriers. In addition, the extent cultural and religious diversity in Brazil contributes to the widespread adoption of traditional practices and faith-based actions, which consequently lead a portion of the population avoid the healthcare facilities, foregoing proper antivenom therapy and medical treatment. Based on this information, we conducted a systematic review that aims to investigate the neutralization potential of commercial Brazilian antivenoms, and highlight the traditional practices and medicines adopted by local communities against SBE. Preclinical studies focusing on snake venom and antivenom therapy, and reports about the traditional practices and medicine, were searched and collected from several online databases. Our data collection reveals a remarkable variation in venom composition, generally influenced by the age, diet, ecological niche, sex, geographic distribution, and environmental conditions. Variations contribute to the development of a complex pathophysiology genera-depending, with Bothrops, Crotalus, Lachesis and Micrurus species showing different venom toxicity profiles. Consequently, heterogenicity in antivenom potency and efficacy was noted. Along with the inappropriate actions and practices adopted, including the use of a wild assemblage of medicinal plants to treat snakebite envenoming. In addition, a dataset previously published by the main author of this study, was used to build an online and interactive map which pit-points the healthcare facilities that administered the antivenom therapy against snakebite envenoming. Here, we provided comprehensive evidence on commercial antivenom efficacy against some medically important in Brazil, and provide a interactive map that may helps in the management of SBE.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interno - 1267860 - GUSTAVO ANTONIO DE SOUZA
Interno - 3063244 - TETSU SAKAMOTO