TEACHING SCIENCE THROUGH PROJECTS IN FULL-TIME SCHOOLS: EXPLORING ESSENTIAL OILS FROM THE SCHOOL GARDEN.
Project-Based Learning; Science Education; School Garden; Essential Oils; Contextualized Learning
This qualitative and interventional research analyzes the contributions of Project-Based Learning to the contextualized learning of Science among 9th-grade students at Escola Estadual Professora Lourdes Guilherme, in Natal/RN, Brazil. The project took as its starting point the cultivation of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) in the school garden, exploring the extraction of its essential oil as a way to address Chemistry concepts such as mixture separation, volatility, and changes in physical state. The methodological path involved dialogued classes, practical activities, guided readings, and visits to the Chemistry Institute of UFRN, always emphasizing students’ protagonism. At the beginning, a diagnostic questionnaire was applied to identify the class’s prior knowledge. Data collection included classroom and garden observations, logbook records, and semi-structured interviews, seeking to understand how students engaged in the different stages of the project. Data analysis, based on Bardin’s Content Analysis (2016), focused on interpreting the meanings attributed to the experiences and on the engagement processes observed during the activities. The results show that the project supported the understanding of abstract Chemistry concepts, brought science teaching closer to students’ reality, and valued local knowledge. Progress was also observed in BNCC competencies such as critical thinking, communication, and collaboration. At the end of the project, students took part in the school’s Cultural Fair, organizing their classroom space and presenting the knowledge and products developed throughout the activities. The experience reinforces the potential of the school garden as a space for experimentation and learning, capable of making Science education more practical, contextualized, and transformative.