MUSIC AS A PLAYFUL INSTRUMENT IN LEARNING THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Music; Parody; Physical properties; Organic compounds; Chemistry teaching
This research was based on proposals on music in teaching, in conceptions of Vygotsky, Saviani and Libâneo, and, mainly, on ideas of Paulo Freire pedagogy. In this context, parodiated music was used as a playful activity. Based on the use of this didactic resource, we sought to develop activities in order to contribute to an effective learning about the physical properties of organic compounds, in a class of the 3rd grade of high school with 41 students, from the morning period, belonging to a State Public School, located in the city of Russas/CE. Despite the great relevance of this content for some everyday aspects of society and the broad approach in the National High School Exams, the vast majority of high school textbooks of Public Schools do not address this content. Therefore, most students present difficulties, including those who participate in this work. Thus, the present study aimed, in addition to promoting the inclusion of the content, to investigate the didactic potential of the parodies elaboration process when students of basic education are protagonists in the learning process. For this, there was, first, the dialogued exposure of the content and then the students, encouraged to understand the concepts arising from the study of the physical properties of organic compounds, elaborated parodies in an unarbitrary manner, of according to the didactic sequence adopted. Therefore, the students performed, as a team of five components, at most, a sequence of activities in order to verify what concepts they considered in the elaboration of their own parodies, with the researcher having a participant observation, mediating situations. In the act of socialization, some groups presented using musical instruments and others, playback. After the presentations, the letters of the parodies were designed to be analyzed by the class. Thus, an action research was conducted with a qualitative approach and a descriptive approach. The analysis methodology used consisted of Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD). As data collection instruments, closed questions were used for both students and teachers. As a result of these investigations, it was possible to realize that the production of musical parodies favored the teaching-learning process, since it motivated students to engage in the construction of knowledge in an effective, dynamic and fun way, contributing to strengthen or awaken affinities between students and teachers, with the greater integration of the class. In this perspective, parodiated music was considered a relevant playful activity in educational practices, becoming allied in the construction of knowledge. However, in order to enable a better understanding of knowledge, it is necessary to diversify teaching strategies. Or rather, parodiated music should be seen as one of several alternatives to facilitate learning. Therefore, in order for the result of this work to be effectively used, a Chemistry support manual was produced, entitled 'Almanac de Chemistry', and videos of the parodied songs, so that teachers and even students use in a way feasible in the construction of knowledge, helping to supply the lack of information about the physical properties of organic compounds.