Interlocking Concrete Blocks with Green Coconut Shell Powder Aggregate: A Sustainable and Innovative Approach
Ecological interlocking floors; Open innovation; Circular economy; Low carbon footprint; Sustainable civil construction.
Population growth and consequent urban growth have generated significant challenges in solid waste management, especially in urban areas. Among the most representative waste is green coconut shell, an abundant by-product of the consumption of this tropical fruit. At the same time, civil construction is one of the industries with the most impact on the consumption of natural resources and the generation of waste. Materials such as sand and cement, widely used, generate high environmental costs due to the intensive extraction of raw materials. In this context, this project proposes the use of green coconut shell powder waste as an aggregate in cement products as a sustainable alternative, meeting the economic, social and environmental pillars, and promoting benefits for society as a whole, including the population, public sector and private companies. The central objective is to describe and analyze the development of an innovative business model, based on the concepts of circular economy, open innovation and low carbon footprint, with a focus on the production of sustainable interlocking floors that use coconut fiber powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregate.The study was carried out in three main stages: (1) theoretical contextualization on sustainability, circular economy, open innovation, low footprint and carbon credits and innovative business models; (2) experimental analysis of the technical performance of interlocking floors with percentages of replacement of fine aggregate (sand) with coconut fiber powder in proportions of 2%, 5% and 10%; and (3) proposing a business model with a low carbon footprint, aligned with open innovation practices, to maximize sustainable and competitive impact on the market. With the implementation of these innovations, the project not only presents technical, economic and environmental feasibility, aligning with concepts of sustainability and innovation, but the proposed model also consolidates its relevance in the global context of decarbonization and green economy, representing an effective response to growing demands for ecologically responsible products in the construction sector.