Environmental analysis as part of the architectural design process: low environmental impact lodging proposal.
Architectural design of accommodation; Low Environmental Impact; Multidisciplinary Collaborative Process
This professional master's thesis aims to develop an architectural design for a guesthouse with an emphasis on low environmental impact, located on the banks of the Catolé River, in Pureza, Rio Grande do Norte. This topic choice is justified by the disorderly growth of tourism in environmentally protected areas and the recurring lack of projects that consider the area's environmental characteristics, causing negative impacts and harming the quality of life of local communities. This observation is observed in the author's professional practice as an environmental analyst for processes in an environmental licensing and inspection agency. The specific objectives guiding this work are: a) to verify the contributions of incorporating an environmental diagnosis of the area, since the pre-design phase, to the architectural solution; b) to determine which land use and occupation strategies can be considered low environmental impact in environmentally fragile areas; c) to identify the contribution of multidisciplinary collaborative processes to the architectural design process in environmentally fragile areas. To develop the architectural proposal, a theoretical and conceptual analysis was conducted on topics related to lodging projects, sustainable development, and areas of environmental fragility, environmental constraints, and a multidisciplinary collaborative process through bibliographic research and studies of design references (precedents or related). Prior to the design, the architectural program was developed considering the environmental assessment of the area conducted by a multidisciplinary team, the legal and regulatory constraints, and the concept to define the project's dilemmas and goals. Based on this foundation, and with the support of the course's courses, the design process was gradually developed. The pre-design and preliminary study stages were mapped using IDEF-0. As a result of the studies conducted, a project proposal was reached with low-environmental-impact design solutions compatible with the environmental conditions of the site and surrounding area. It is concluded that it is possible to propose a tourist exploration project in an area of environmental fragility, as long as an environmental diagnosis is carried out in the early phases of the project with the participation of the multidisciplinary team, contributing not only to the survey of the characteristics related to the physical, biotic and socioeconomic environments, but also identifying solutions that could be adopted to minimize the environmental impact of the proposed activity, and, thus, enabling the achievement of the low environmental impact goal.