COMPLIANCE WITH FALL PREVENTION PRACTICES AMONG OLDER ADULTS ADMITTED TO AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Accidental Falls; Accident Prevention; Aged; Intensive Care Units; Patient Safety; Quality Indicators, Health Care
Falls are relevant adverse events in hospital care and may lead to injuries, functional decline, prolonged hospitalization, increased care complexity, and psychological distress, particularly among older adults. In intensive care units, fall prevention requires structured risk assessment, continuous reassessment, environmental safety, clinical surveillance, and adherence to institutional protocols. This study aimed to assess compliance with fall prevention quality criteria among older adults admitted to an intensive care unit in a Brazilian university hospital. A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted using 498 assessment records from 449 older adult patients admitted to the Adult Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The analyzed variables included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical conditions, fall history, mobility, fall risk classification, fall occurrence, application of the Morse Fall Scale within the first 24 hours, fall risk reassessment after admission, environmental safety measures, patient and family guidance, and post-fall procedures. Descriptive statistics were performed using absolute and relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion, 95% confidence intervals, Pareto analysis, and a sensitivity analysis excluding post-fall criteria. The median age was 70 years, with an interquartile range of 64.25 to 76 years. One fall was recorded among 498 assessments, corresponding to a proportion of 0.20%. Overall compliance with all evaluated criteria was 89.17%. In the sensitivity analysis restricted to preventive criteria, compliance was 89.16%. The most frequent nonconformities were related to fall risk reassessment after admission and application of the Morse Fall Scale within the first 24 hours. Although fall occurrence was low, relevant gaps were identified in essential risk screening and reassessment processes. These findings reinforce the need to strengthen systematic nursing assessment, improve documentation routines, and prioritize quality improvement actions focused on older adults in intensive care settings.