CHALLENGES TO COMPLIANCE WITH THE NATIONAL SOLID WASTE POLICY IN THE CONSORTIUM MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE IN RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Public consortia; Associated management; PNRS; Solid waste; Rio Grande do Norte
Proper solid waste management improves overall environmental quality and helps minimize greenhouse gas emissions by properly treating the gases generated by waste decomposition, which contribute to climate change. The problem of solid waste management in Brazil begins with the increase and diversification of waste generation, especially in recent years, with a significant portion of this waste being dumped in open-air spillways, popularly known as landfills. After 21 years of processing in the National Congress, Law No. 12,305, of August 2, 2010, was passed, establishing the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) (Brazil, 2010), marking a turning point in solid waste management in the country. The delimitation of the empirical scope of the research is Rio Grande do Norte, which was divided into consortium regions that the State Secretariat for the Environment and Water Resources established based on its studies on the regionalization of the shared management of solid waste in the state. This research aims to analyze the challenges related to compliance with Brazil's National Solid Waste Policy, Law No. 12,305/2010, and subsequent regulations, through public consortia in Rio Grande do Norte. Theoretically, the thesis is based on the concepts of Federalism applied to environmental public policies, solid waste management, and the issue of solid waste consortia. Currently, difficulties in complying with federal legislation in Rio Grande do Norte are observed. Fifteen years after the approval of the legal framework, the state has made little progress in implementing its guidelines. Instead, specific and discontinuous actions characterize the process. This makes it interesting to analyze the tensions surrounding the formation of public consortia for basic sanitation and solid waste, as well as to understand the aspects that hinder compliance with current regulations for the sector. This research is both exploratory and documentary, utilizing a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques, known as triangulation. The methodological procedures are divided into three strands: bibliographic research, documentary research, and empirical research and its developments. Data analysis will be conducted critically through a comparison of theory and empirical data, based on which the research problem was preliminarily defined.