STATE CAPABILITIES FOR THE PROMOTION OF PUBLIC TRANSPARENCY: a study in the municipalities of the Functional Metropolitan Region of Natal
Public Transparency; Access to Information Law; State Capacities.
In 2011, Brazil took an important step toward public transparency with the enactment of Federal Law No. 12,527. This law, which regulates the right to information provided for in the 1988 Federal Constitution, establishes that public agencies at all levels of government must proactively disclose information of collective or general interest as a tool for social control. The objective of the research was to understand the management of public transparency in municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Natal, based on the state's capacity in its technical-bureaucratic dimension, to comply with the guidelines of Law 12,527/2011. Thus, the following question arises: how is the state capacity of municipalities in the functional Metropolitan Region of Natal characterized for the management of public transparency? This work is characterized as a qualitative study, based on multiple case studies that will present an exploratory descriptive approach. To this end, bibliographic and documentary research was carried out, as well as the application of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with civil servants and managers responsible for transparency in the municipalities of Natal, Parnamirim, Macaíba, São Gonçalo do Amarante and Extremoz. The results indicate that, although there are initiatives aimed at compliance with legislation, institutional weaknesses persist that limit the consolidation of transparency as public policy. A lack of intersectoral coordination, absence of monitoring strategies, dependence on precarious links, and gaps in the technical training of teams were observed. Active transparency is more structured in municipalities with greater administrative capacity, while passive transparency still faces obstacles in terms of response and organization of flows. It is concluded that the effectiveness of public transparency depends directly on the presence of technical and bureaucratic capacities, with an emphasis on qualified human resources, stable organizational arrangements, and evidence-based management practices.