GREEN HYDROGEN IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY TRANSITION: a development alternative for Rio Grande do Norte?
Energy transition; Renewable energy; Regional development; Green hydrogen; Rio Grande do Norte.
The energy transition and the search for energy security by countries led to international investments in renewable energy generation in the 20th century. Following the rapid expansion of wind and solar energy, green hydrogen production has been considered a path to decarbonizing sectors that are difficult to electrify and to storing and transporting energy. At the same time, in Brazil, hydrogen and renewable energy have been considered an opportunity to promote regional development, especially in the Northeast region. This paper analyzes the process of including green hydrogen production in the regional development agenda. Its general objective is to analyze the relationship between the process of implementing green hydrogen production and the construction of development in Rio Grande do Norte. Its specific objectives are: to situate the international debate on low-carbon energy with an emphasis on green hydrogen; to analyze Rio Grande do Norte's experience in wind energy production and; to verify the existence of a strategy, roadmap, and regulation in Rio Grande do Norte to produce green hydrogen. The research was based on an international and national literature review on the subject, as well as consultation of official documents and relevant legislation, in addition to interviews with local stakeholders directly involved in the implementation of green hydrogen production. The prospect of green hydrogen production in Rio Grande do Norte has advanced, but this progress has been increasingly slow, which raises concerns about its implementation.