Adaptive capacity to climate change: an analysis of the metropolitan regions of Joao Pessoa-PB and Natal-RN in Northeastern Brazil
Climate change; Adaptive capacity; Cities; Metropolitan regions; Indexes..
The main themes of the study are structured around three central axes: cities, climate change and adaptive capacity. The discussion starts from the global climate crisis scenario, presenting adaptive capacity as the ability to adapt to climate phenomena, seeking to reduce their impacts. In this scenario, cities and urban agglomerations are strategic aspects of action, due to the fact that the largest portion of the population settles in urban spaces. Actions to combat climate change require contextualized information, but each spatial section has its own dynamics and characteristics. In this sense, the problem of the research focuses on the difficulty in identifying generalizations of characteristics capable of influencing adaptive capacity. Through the application of indexes, the research seeks to identify the levels of adaptive capacity of two metropolitan regions that have similar urban-regional dynamics, Joao Pessoa (RMJP) and Natal (RMN). The methodology of the study has a quantitative approach, with an applied nature, using exploratory research and observation of phenomena through case studies. The methodological procedures are divided into four stages: bibliographic review; characterization of the study scope; measurement by adaptive capacity indexes; and analysis of the results. The results demonstrated that there is still a low insertion of adaptive capacity in the metropolitan regions analyzed, especially with regard to adaptation policies. It was also observed that urban-regional similarities may be related to adaptive capacity, but with the need to observe specific categories of analysis. Among the main conclusions, there is a need to improve adaptive capacity analysis instruments, related both to consolidated databases and to the construction of more robust indexes.