GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM ARTISANAL CHESSE IN SERIDÓ, SEMIARID REGION OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE.
Agroindustry, Family Farming, Life Cycle Assessment, Carbon Footprint, Sustainability.
Artisanal cheese production in the Seridó region, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, is an economically important activity for family farming in the semi-arid Northeast, yet its environmental impacts remain poorly quantified. This study applied Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), following ABNT NBR ISO 14040/14044 standards, to map greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the production of artisanal cheese in four integrated farm-dairy productive units (UPAs) located in the Seridó region, RN. A partial gate-to-retail scope was adopted, with a functional unit of 1 kg of cheese, a Tier 2 (IPCC) inventory, and global warming potential (GWP-100 - IPCC AR6) characterization factors, covering electricity, diesel, gasoline, biomass (firewood), transportation to points of sale, and effluent management (whey). Results showed total emissions of 47,715.65 kg CO2eq/year across the four UPAs, with emission intensities ranging from 0.18 to 3.88 kg CO2eq/kg of cheese. Effluent management (55.9%), transportation (20.4%), and firewood use (15.3%) were identified as the main emission hotspots. The findings provide a novel baseline to support monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) strategies and public policies aimed at the sustainability of artisanal dairy production in the semi-arid region, aligned with the ABC+ Plan and ESG/SDO commitments.