This thesis describes, analyzes, and critiques the concept of anarcho-capitalism in Murray N. Rothbard and Hans-Hermann Hoppe, members of the Austrian School of Economics; moreover, it seeks to conceptualize Brazilian criminal factions (criminal organizations) as anarcho-capitalist sovereignties. Both Hoppe and Rothbard became known in political theory for defending what they call ‘market libertarianism,’ ‘pure capitalism,’ or ‘anarcho-capitalism.’ They argue that the capitalist market, absolutely free from State interference, would produce more wealth, civilization, and pacification. To achieve this desideratum, these Austro-libertarians advocate for the implosion of States and their coercively erected nations through evasion and initially peaceful denial of their sphere of power. According to these authors, by voting with our feet to form truly free communities, we should establish ‘nations by consent’ in place of the Leviathans: houses, streets, neighborhoods, cities, and entire stretches of land in the form of sovereign private properties, in which all Law would emerge from the ‘natural right’ of property that they borrow from the English philosopher John Locke. In contrast, I synthesize and introduce the reader to the current concept of criminal factions, but I argue that they do not operate as regular capitalist firms; rather, they function as anarcho-capitalist agencies, that is, entrepreneurial sovereignties establishing their own Law and Order. Thus, I argue that an anarcho-capitalist world would not be more peaceful or more civilizing, nor would it possess greater means of preventing the formation of criminal entrepreneurial sovereignties than the world we have today, as Austro-libertarians claim, due to the very structure of the capitalist mode of production and its market, which would be pushed to its limits by the implosion of States.