GENDER EQUITY IN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS: A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF MATERNITY AND PATERNITY LEAVE
Maternity Leave; Paternity Leave; Gender Equity; Care Work; Professional Advancement.
This research analyzes how maternity and paternity leave influence gender equity, professional advancement, and the sexual division of labor in a large Brazilian bank, a signatory of the Citizen Company Act (Lei Empresa Cidadã), which extends maternity leave to 180 days and paternity leave to 20 days. The study addresses the persistence of the “glass ceiling” - invisible barriers that hinder women’s progress into leadership positions - reinforced by historical asymmetries related to care work and domestic responsibilities predominantly assigned to women. The analysis focuses on employees at different levels, seeking to understand perceptions regarding the impacts of unequal parental leave durations on career progression. The research incorporates secondary data provided by the Bank and quantitative and qualitative data obtained through questionnaires and interviews conducted with employees across all regions of the country. It considers different family arrangements, gender diversity, race, and regional contexts, examining how care practices and domestic division of labor influence professional trajectories. National and international studies indicate that more balanced parental leave policies promote gender equity and may reduce inequalities by encouraging greater male participation in care work. The investigation reinforces the need for public and corporate policies that promote gender and racial equality, ensuring women equitable opportunities to access leadership positions and contributing to a fairer and more inclusive work environment.