SEGREGATION AND VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN SPACE OF CAMPINA GRANDE - PB: METAMORPHOSES AND PERMANENCES OF THE SPECIAL ZONE OF SOCIAL INTEREST (ZEIS) JARDIM EUROPA
Production of urban space; ZEI; segregation; valorization; Campina Grande.
This work analyzes the process of segregation and valorization of urban space in Campina Grande - PB, through the analysis of a Special Zone of Social Interest (ZEIS): Jardim Europa. The delimitation of ZEIS is an instrument of Brazilian urban policy proposed to recover precarious settlements through land regularization, regulation of land use and occupation and the production of housing of social interest, considering the specificities of each city and its neighborhoods . However, in the case of Jardim Europa, what has been observed are actions of interest to the real estate market, since 2020, which do not reverberate in the production of the space in accordance with social well-being. Therefore, the work discusses the implementation of the ZEIS policy, with attention to the practices in the space of real estate capital agents. For this discussion, reflections were made on the production of urban space, the actions of the agents producing this space, urban planning, public housing policies, spatial justice and the right to the city, urban segregation and real estate appreciation. Furthermore, documentary and field data research was carried out, with photographic records of Jardim Europa, questionnaires were applied to residents of this space and interviews were carried out with representatives of public authorities, social movements and the real estate sector. Furthermore, statistical data from the Demographic Census were collected from the collection of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), to qualify the analyzes on the segregation and valorization of urban space in Campina Grande. The results achieved with the research highlight that the State's actions are not consistent with the right to the city and spatial justice, especially with regard to ZEIS, with the intensification of socio-spatial segregation in Jardim Europa. The State's actions are aligned with private interests, such as those of real estate capital, reverberating in urban expansion on the basis of profit for the agents of this capital. Therefore, in Jardim Europa, the production of space in accordance with social well-being remains inert, contrary to the various metamorphoses in favor of hegemonic intentions.