Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model for the Location of an Own Outpatient Services Center of a Healthcare Service Provider Company
Decision Support; Value-Focused Thinking; FITradeoff; Multicriteria Analysis; Healthcare Service Location.
In a scenario marked by increasing business competition and the inherent complexity of the healthcare sector, efficient decision-making becomes essential for the strategic allocation of resources and organizational sustainability. This study proposes a multicriteria decision support model aimed at selecting the most suitable location for the implementation of a new outpatient care center in Natal, Brazil. The methodological approach integrates problem structuring based on the Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) method and the ranking of alternatives using the FITradeoff method. VFT was applied to identify and organize the fundamental and means objectives of the decision-making process, enabling the definition of relevant criteria across four perspectives: clinical (accessibility and population coverage), social (level of vulnerability and access to public transportation), economic (implementation and operational costs), and operational (available infrastructure and expansion potential).The choice of the FITradeoff method is justified by its ability to handle partial information, reduce the cognitive effort of the decision-maker, and combine, in a flexible and interactive way, elicitation procedures by decomposition with holistic evaluations. The model construction involved a literature review, structuring of organizational values, definition of criteria with the support of healthcare experts, preference modeling, and practical application to four real location alternatives. The analysis resulted in a robust ranking of options, supporting a more transparent, fair, and strategically aligned decision. The findings demonstrate that the application of multicriteria methods significantly contributes to the quality of decision-making in the private healthcare sector and also has potential to support public policy, especially in contexts characterized by high social vulnerability and budget constraints. This study thus reinforces the relevance of multicriteria approaches as essential tools for improving healthcare management.