CYBERETHICS: INVESTIGATING THE ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE USE OF DIGITAL INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Cyber-ethics; Digital Citizenship; Virtue Ethics; Online Incivility; Adolescents.
The advancement of the use of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) by teenagers has exposed this group to acts of online incivility, demanding a Digital Citizenship Education that goes beyond models based solely on rules (Deontology) or consequences (Utilitarianism). This study aimed to analyze the moral decisions of adolescents when facing online risks, such as cyberbullying, misinformation, and the sharing of fakenews, from the perspective of Virtue Ethics Moral Theory. A mixed-methods, exploratory, and descriptive design was adopted, applying a semi-structured questionnaire to 259 students from the 9th grade of Lower Secondary School to the 3rd year of Upper Secondary School, from five schools (public and private: classical, secular, and confessional) across four Brazilian states. Data were analyzed quantitatively (descriptive and inferential statistics) and qualitatively (content analysis). The results revealed a transversal prevalence of Virtue Ethics in the youths' theoretical discourse, but a significant inhibition of moral reasoning when facing practical dilemmas involving affective bonds, especially in the public school context (80% of discursive inaction). In private contexts, a return to the rule was observed as a safe alternative. It was further identified that the school ethos acts as a moderator of moral experience: confessional schools presented greater community resilience, while environments lacking a shared grammar of values evidenced a cycle of violence. It is concluded that the full exercise of Digital Citizenship requires the development of practical wisdom (phronesis) to manage digital complexity. In response to this diagnosis, the Technical Product “Letters to a Digital Teacher” was developed, a didactic material that includes the “Dilemma Planning Canvas” tool, aiming to equip educators for ethical mediation and to contribute to character formation in cyberspace.