An Evolving Multivariate Time Series Compression Algorithm for IoT Applications
Multivariate Time Series Compression, IoT, Online Algorithms, Evolving Algorithms, TinyML, OBD-II Edge.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming how devices interact and share data, especially in areas like vehicle monitoring. However, transmitting large volumes of real-time data can result in high latency and substantial energy consumption. In this context, Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) emerges as a promising solution, enabling the execution of machine-learning models on resource-constrained embedded devices. This paper aims to develop two online multivariate time series compression approaches specifically designed for TinyML, utilizing the Typicality and Eccentricity Data Analytics (TEDA) framework. The proposed approaches are based on data eccentricity and do not require predefined mathematical models or assumptions about data distribution, thereby optimizing compression performance. Both approaches were applied to two case studies: one using the OBD-II Freematics ONE+ dataset for vehicle monitoring in a non-embedded context, and another in an embedded scenario. Results indicate that both proposed approaches, whether parallel or sequential compression, show significant improvements in execution time and compression errors. These findings highlight the approach’s potential to enhance the performance of embedded IoT systems, thereby improving the efficiency and sustainability of vehicular applications.